Harnessing Prior Knowledge for Explainable Machine Learning: An Overview
Katharina Beckh, Sebastian Müller, Matthias Jakobs, Vanessa Toborek, Hanxiao Tan, Raphael Fischer, Pascal Welke, Sebastian Houben, Laura von Rueden
Abstract
The application of complex machine learning models has elicited research to make them more explainable. However, most explainability methods cannot provide insight beyond the given data, requiring additional information about the context. We argue that harnessing prior knowledge improves the accessibility of explanations. We hereby present an overview of integrating prior knowledge into machine learning systems in order to improve explainability. We introduce a categorization of current research into three main categories which integrate knowledge either into the machine learning pipeline, into the explainability method or derive knowledge from explanations. To classify the papers, we build upon the existing taxonomy of informed machine learning and extend it from the perspective of explainability. We conclude with open challenges and research directions.