Anticancer Effects of Honey Varieties on Human Cells by Studying Some Physical Parameters, Hydrogen Peroxide Content, Catalase, Glucose Oxidase, and Microbial Activities
Rasha A. Al-Eisa, Amal Adnan Ashour, Mahmoud Helal, Amani H. Aljahani, Roqayah H. Kadi, Mohannad S. Hazzazi, Rokayya Sami
Abstract
The present work studied the anticancer effects of four honey varieties on human cells by studying some physical parameters, hydrogen peroxide content, catalase, glucose oxidase, and microbial activities. Honey samples were (nigella sativa, moringa, sidr, pumpkin), which were coded as NS, MO, SI, and PU honey, respectively. The tested bacterial isolates Staphylococcus aureus , and Enterococcus faecalis were used for microbial activities. Two types of human cells, breast, and colon adenocarcinoma cell lines were used for anticancer properties. SI Honey samples showed the lowest value for electrical conductivity 3.19 μ S cm −1 . PU Honey samples recorded the highest value for hydrogen peroxide contents 1582.05 μ M, while SI Honey reported a similar trend of 1501.51 μ M. The values of catalase enzyme activity ranged from 2.78 U/g in SI Honey to 3.91 U/g in MO Honey. Glucose oxidase activity ranged from 4.12 U/g in NS Honey samples to 10.55 U/g in MO Honey. The highest antibacterial activity was detected by SI Honey with a zone of inhibition value of 14.99 mm against Staphylococcus aureus . PU Honey was the best to inhibit the microbial loud of Enterococcus faecalis 7.93 mm. SI Honey was the most effective against breast adenocarcinoma cells (IC 50 66.15 μ g/mL), on the same trend MO Honey was the most effective against colon adenocarcinoma cells (IC 50 45.13 μ g/mL). While NS Honey recorded lower efficiency against both breast and colon adenocarcinoma cancer cells IC 50 95.13 μ g/mL and IC 50 87.66 μ g/mL, respectively. The control detected the lowest cytotoxic effects on both breast and colon adenocarcinoma cancer cells IC 50 112.33 μ g/mL and IC 50 203.97 μ g/mL, respectively.