Cognitive Progression Independent of Relapse and MRI Activity in Multiple Sclerosis
Stefano Ziccardi, Tom Fuchs, Maddalena Guandalini, Damiano Marastoni, Ralph H. B. Benedict, Massimiliano Calabrese
Abstract
Progression independent of relapse activity (PIRA) and MRI activity (PIRMA) have been demonstrated in multiple sclerosis (MS). A recent study evaluated cognitive PIRA, but MRI was not considered. We aimed to determine whether cognitive PIRA results differ when MRI activity is included.
Topics & Concepts
Multiple sclerosisCognitionMedicinePsychologyOncologyInternal medicineNeurosciencePsychiatryMultiple Sclerosis Research StudiesNeurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanismsLong-Term Effects of COVID-19