Metabolomic profiling reveals the relationship between taste-related metabolites and roasted aroma in aged pork
Yoshio Tamura, Shinji Iwatoh, Kazutoshi Miyaura, Yonathan Asikin, Miyako Kusano
Abstract
Although postmortem aging of pork improves its umami taste when roasted, the relationship between roasted aroma and taste has not been investigated. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the role of taste-related metabolites in the aroma composition of roasted meat during postmortem aging. Comprehensive metabolomic analyses of taste-related metabolites and volatile organic compounds in aged pork were conducted by gas chromatography-time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Taste-related metabolites, including amino acids, sugars, fatty acids, and nucleic acids, accumulated with age. Among the detected aroma compounds, benzeneacetaldehyde and 2,5-dimethyl-3-(3-methylbutyl)-pyrazine levels increased with age; these compounds potentially contribute to roasty and meaty aromas. Furthermore, there was a positive correlation between aroma compounds and their precursors in raw meat; some amino acids contributed to the generation of benzeneacetaldehyde, 3-methylbutanal, 3-ethyl-2,5-dimethyl-pyrazine, and 2,5-dimethyl-3-(3-methylbutyl)-pyrazine via the Maillard reaction. These results confirm that the changes in taste-related metabolites in raw meat affect the specific aroma compositions of roasted meat.