The interplay between cognitive function and digital health literacy among older adults: Implications for e-health equity and accessibility
Oğulcan Çöme, Özden Gökdemir, Büşra Bilik Sezer, Seyde Seda Kasapoğlu, Niels Kristian Kjær, Dilek Güldal
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Digital health literacy is increasingly vital for older adults, yet cognitive decline can impede effective use of online health resources. OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the relationship between cognitive function and e-health literacy among older adults. METHODS: A cross-sectional design was employed in six training family health centers across Izmir, Turkey. A total of 211 participants aged ≥ 65 years who reported internet use were included. Cognitive function was measured using the Mini-Mental State Examination, and digital health literacy was assessed using the Turkish version of the eHealth Literacy Scale. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, correlation analyses (Spearman). RESULTS: The mean age was 69.58 ± 4.19 years, and 49.8 % were male. Cognitive function, as measured by the MMSE, demonstrated a significant positive correlation with eHEALS scores (r = 0.609, p < 0.001). Conversely, age was negatively correlated with eHEALS scores. CONCLUSION: Cognitive function emerged as a key determinant of digital health literacy among older adults, even within the clinically normal MMSE range. This study is the first to highlight that subtle cognitive differences-though considered within normal limits-can significantly influence digital health engagement, our findings underscore the importance of designing user-friendly digital health interventions that accommodate age-related cognitive changes. Enhanced training and support for device usage may further mitigate barriers to effective e-health engagement in aging populations.