Efficacy of a Stress Management Intervention for Mothers of Children with Cancer
Anna L. Marsland, Catherine Walsh, Jennifer Cleary, A.D. Vaisleib, Chelsea H. Farrell, William C. Woods, Jean M. Tersak, Aidan G.C. Wright, Linda J. Ewing
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Mothers of children with cancer confront life stress that can impact their psychological and physical health and, in turn, the health of the family. Recommendations advocate preemptive stress-management interventions; however, few studies have investigated their efficacy. Here, we report results of a parallel randomized pilot trial examining health benefits of a stress management intervention designed to teach coping skills. METHODS: One hundred twenty mothers (age 36 ± 8 years) of children newly diagnosed with cancer were randomized to a 12-session stress management intervention (n = 60) or usual care (n = 60). Sessions took place in the inpatient or outpatient setting of a children's hospital. Primary outcome variables included psychological function and physical health assessed preintervention and postintervention and at 6-month follow-up (∼12 months postdiagnosis). RESULTS: Enrollment, retention, and satisfaction data supported feasibility and acceptability. Latent change score models showed the intervention reduced perceived stress (d = -0.37, p = 0.03), anxiety symptoms (ds = -0.38 and -0.56, ps < .03) and, a nonsignificant effect for depressive symptoms (d = -0.29, p = .11) across the 6 months following diagnosis. Intervention participants also endorsed fewer depressive symptoms than controls ∼12 months after diagnosis. The intervention improved stress management skills, which associated with the psychological benefits of participation. There were no intervention-related changes in perceived health or markers of inflammation. CONCLUSION: Intervention-related improvements in stress management skills may result in better psychological health in the face of caring for a child with cancer. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02022449.