Load frequency control resilience of hybrid power system with renewable energy sources and superconducting magnetic energy storage using FO-Fuzzy-PID controller
Misagh Jalilian, Abdollah Rastgou, Saeed Kharrati, Saman Hosseini‐Hemati
Abstract
The integration of renewable energy sources (RES) such as wind and solar presents challenges for load frequency control (LFC) in power systems due to their unpredictability. This study investigates the use of superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) in LFC systems, combined with an innovative adaptive controller of the fractional order fuzzy proportional-integral-derivative (FO-Fuzzy-PID) type optimized by particle swarm optimization (PSO). Simulation results indicate that the FO-Fuzzy-PID adaptive controller significantly enhances system performance, achieving a remarkable reduction in peak undershoot by 70.3% (from 0.089 Hz to 0.026 Hz) and an improvement in settling time by 57.1% (from 28 seconds to 12 seconds) when integrated with SMES. In one scenario, the controller demonstrated a peak undershoot of -0.001 and a rapid settling time of 5 seconds. In other Scenario, it achieved the lowest integral of time-weighted absolute error (ITAE) value of 0.0061, representing a 44.5% improvement over the PSO-PID controller's ITAE of 0.11. These results highlight the effectiveness of combining SMES with advanced control strategies to enhance dynamic performance and stability in power networks, facilitating the reliable integration of RES. The adaptability of the proposed controller ensures its performance remains robust under varying conditions, emphasizing its potential for large-scale implementation in real-time control applications.