Ameloblastic Carcinoma: A 40-Year Scoping Review of the Literature
Maria Giulia Cristofaro, Ida Barca, Angelo Ruggero Sottile, Francesco Ferragina
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Ameloblastic carcinoma (AC) is a rare malignant odontogenic tumor with limited knowledge surrounding its pathogenesis, molecular pathways, clinical behavior, treatment, and prognosis. This 40-year literature scoping review aims to enhance the comprehension of this complex condition, looking closely at how AC works at molecular and pathophysiological levels and what causes it to develop. METHODS: The PUBMED, Medline, Scopus, and Cochrane central databases were searched, including articles from 1984 to date. Articles reporting epidemiological, clinical, instrumental, and histopathological data were included. RESULTS: Out of the 375 articles examined, 52 met the inclusion criteria, yielding a total of 80 cases of AC. All cases before 1984 were excluded from the analysis, as were all that did not provide information on patient survival. Several molecular mechanisms associated with its development and progression were identified; these help in early diagnosis. Moreover, AC can spread locally, making a radical surgical approach necessary. There is still no agreement on how to manage neck dissection. Surgical removal followed by monitoring is an important part of managing AC. CONCLUSIONS: Advancements in biological and molecular insights have the potential to facilitate earlier diagnosis and treatment. These could lead to improvements in patients' quality of life and long-term survival.