Keck observations confirm a super-Jupiter planet orbiting M dwarf OGLE-2005-BLG-071L
Bennett, DP (15486062), Bhattacharya, A (15548219), Jean-Philippe Beaulieu (14731417), Joshua Blackman (14731900), Vandorou, A (15711263), Terry, SK (15711266), Andrew Cole (14734033), Henderson, CB (15558746), Koshimoto, N (15582080), Lu, JR (15711269), Marquette, JB (15485957), Ranc, C (15609221), Udalski, A (15486074)
Abstract
We present adaptive optics imaging from the NIRC2 instrument on the Keck II telescope that resolves the exoplanet host (and lens) star as it separates from the brighter source star. These observations yield the <i>K</i>-band brightness of the lens and planetary host star, as well as the lens-source relative proper motion, <i>μ</i><sub>rel,H</sub>, in the heliocentric reference frame. The <i>μ</i><sub>rel,H</sub> measurement allows for the determination of the microlensing parallax vector, <i>π</i><sub><i>E</i></sub>, which had only a single component determined by the microlensing light curve. The combined measurements of <i>μ</i><sub>rel,H</sub> and <i>K<sub>L</sub></i> provide the masses of the host star, <i>M</i><sub>host</sub> = 0.426 ± 0.037M<sub>☉</sub>, and planet, <i>m<sub>p</sub></i> = 3.27 ± 0.32<i>M</i><sub>Jupiter</sub> with a projected separation of 3.4 ± 0.5 au. This confirms the tentative conclusion of a previous paper that this super-Jupiter mass planet, OGLE-2005-BLG-071Lb, orbits an M dwarf. Such planets are predicted to be rare by the core accretion theory and have been difficult to find with other methods, but there are two such planets with firm mass measurements from microlensing, and an additional 11 planetary microlens events with host mass estimates <0.5<i>M</i><sub>☉</sub> and planet mass estimates >2 Jupiter masses that could be confirmed by high angular follow-up observations. We also point out that OGLE-2005-BLG-071L has separated far enough from its host star that it should be possible to measure the host-star metallicity with spectra from a high angular resolution telescope such as Keck, the Very Large Telescope, the <i>Hubble Space Telescope</i>, or the <i>James Webb Space Telescope</i>.