Insights into antioxidative metabolic mechanism of the sub-lethal injured Listeria monocytogenes stressed by cold plasma active species for precise control
Sang Zou, Jun‐Hu Cheng
Abstract
Antioxidative metabolome is crucial for Listeria monocytogenes ( Lm ) to alleviate the instant oxidative stress , resulting in the occurrence of the sub-lethal injured Lm and potential risks to environment and food safety. However, the antioxidative strategies of the metabolome beneath the sub-lethal injured Lm in resisting the instant active species remain unclear. Therefore, under the intrusion of cold plasma (CP) active species, the sub-lethal injured Lm emerged via the wrinkled membranes and the disturbed physiological functions. Antioxidative metabolic strategies in the sub-lethal injured Lm were investigated by multi-omics technology based on the activity of antioxidant enzymes . The current study demonstrated that the antioxidative metabolome (176 differential metabolites) played a pivotal role in combating the instant active species compared with the antioxidative regulation of 15 genes. Furthermore, antioxidative strategies of metabolome were involved in multilayer patterns: one-off consumption, rapid utilization, and up-regulation of (R)-lipoic acid. Hence, lipoic acid metabolism was activated as an emergency pathway. Besides, the iron acquisition was operated and toxic metabolites were effluxed to balance the intracellular homeostasis . In conclusion, this work provides unique insights into the antioxidative metabolic strategies in the sub-lethal injured Lm , offering a basis for the precise inactivation of the sub-lethal injured foodborne pathogens during food processing.