Physical Cue‐Based Strategies on Peripheral Nerve Regeneration
Zhidong Wei, Fei Jin, Li Tong, Lili Qian, Weiying Zheng, Ting Wang, Zhang‐Qi Feng
Abstract
Abstract Peripheral nerve injury (PNI) remains an intractable challenge in regenerative medicine. Recently, physical cue‐based strategies (e.g., electrical neurostimulation, acoustic radiation, electromagnetic bioregulation, as well as directional fiber guiding, etc.) have drawn increasing attention not only as a stimulator for cell functions modulation and fate determination, but also as a morphology‐index for modulating cell phenotype, proliferation, and differentiation, especially for nerve cells. More importantly, the advanced percutaneous power transmission technology, self‐power nanotechnology that leverages piezoelectrical/triboelectricity materials, and focused ultrasound and pulsed electromagnetic field technology exhibit the appealing practice potential for achieving low‐invasive, wireless, and battery‐free neuromodulation. In this review, recent advances of physical cue‐based strategies including electrical, acoustic, magnetic, and morphology for PNI are systematically overviewed, and the open challenges for realizing scalable clinical/commercial transformation and future perspectives of these strategies for PNI are concluded.