3D-printed epidermal sweat microfluidic systems with integrated microcuvettes for precise spectroscopic and fluorometric biochemical assays
Da Som Yang, Yixin Wu, Evangelos E. Kanatzidis, Raudel Avila, Mingyu Zhou, Yunfeng Bai, Shulin Chen, Yurina Sekine, Joohee Kim, Yujun Deng, Hexia Guo, Yi Zhang, Roozbeh Ghaffari, Yonggang Huang, John A. Rogers
Abstract
colorimetric assays for precise assessments of sweat rate, sweat loss and concentrations of wide-ranging types of biomarkers in sweat. This paper presents a set of findings that enhances the performance of these systems through the use of microfluidic networks, integrated valves and microscale optical cuvettes formed by three dimensional printing in hard/soft hybrid materials systems, for accurate spectroscopic and fluorometric assays. Field studies demonstrate the capability of these microcuvette systems to evaluate the concentrations of copper, chloride, and glucose in sweat, along with the pH of sweat, with laboratory-grade accuracy and sensitivity.