Recent Developments in the Synthesis of N‐Heterocyclic Compounds as α‐Amylase Inhibitors via In‐Vitro and In‐Silico Analysis: Future Drugs for Treating Diabetes
Pooja Garg, Ravindra Singh Rawat, Harshil Bhatt, Sanjit Kumar, Sabbasani Rajasekhara Reddy
Abstract
Abstract In nature, N‐heterocyclic compounds and their derivatives are abundant. They serve as the building blocks of many biological entities, such as enzymes, alkaloids, hormones, antibiotics, and vitamins. The treatment of diabetes is one of the major applications of heterocyclic compounds. Natural as well as synthetic, both types of heterocyclic compounds show anti‐diabetic activity. There is a plethora of literature on the hyper/hypoglycaemic activity of natural compounds. This review discusses the synthesis methods, yields of the reactions and Inhibitory concentration (IC 50 ) values of all the synthesized derivatives via different assays such as 3,5‐dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) or starch assays. IC 50 values of all the derivatives have been compared with those of standard acarbose. Structure activity relationship of most potential compounds with α‐amylase enzyme is established to show the type of interactions between them. Molecular docking studies show the type of interaction between compounds and enzyme.