A Distributed Proportional-Integral Observer-Based Hierarchical Control for AC Microgrids Under FDI Attacks
Yajie Jiang, Yun Yang
Abstract
Distributed hierarchical control with first-order observers has been widely adopted to mitigate the false data injection (FDI) attacks on distributed energy resources (DERs) in ac microgrids. However, the conventional direct feedback control requires neighboring data feedback to ensure the robustness of distributed observers and suffers from inaccurate detections of high-order FDI attacks. To address those issues, a distributed proportional-integral observer (DPIO)-based hierarchical control is proposed. The proposed control is designed by adopting the generalized proportional-integral observers (GPIOs) which have been successively adopted in robotics, motor drives and dc/dc converters. It comprises a consensus-based secondary control, a droop control, and a local dual-loop control. Compared to the conventional control schemes, the proposed control scheme exhibits superior dynamic tracking performance, higher robustness against disturbance, and simpler algorithms and implementations. Both simulation and OPAL-RT-based hardware-in-loop experiments validate the effectiveness and enhanced performance of the proposed control to detect and eliminate FDI attacks in various cases.