Decommissioned oil production sites impact on the forest ecosystems soil cover state (on the example of the National Park “Buzuluk Bor”)
Lyudmila Zhichkina, Sergey Zudilin, Kirill Zhichkin, O Ariskina
Abstract
Abstract Oil and oil products are recognized as priority environmental pollutants, having a high degree of toxicity. They can pose a threat to the vital activity of various organisms populations. Operating and suspended production wells can directly contribute to soil pollution with oil products. Oil pollution affects the complex of the soil morphological, physical, physicochemical, biological properties, which determine its fertility and ecological functions. The article examines the hydrocarbon raw materials conserved deposits as pollution sources of the forest ecosystems soil cover. The article analyzes the results of experimental studies to determine the oil products content, heavy metals gross and mobile forms in soil samples around decommissioned deposits. The studies carried out confirm that the sites of the mothballed deposits contaminated with oil products and heavy metals need monitoring, conservation and recultivation. Due to prolonged downtime, destruction occurred in the wells. The tightness was broken. It leads to oil and gas leakage. As a result of research carried out in 2017-2018 the soil cover contamination with oil products of the suspended deposits was revealed. A dangerous category of soil pollution was noted in 2017. It was observed in the area of wells No. 6, 8, 229 on the Neklyudovsky field. In 2018 wells No. 6 and No. 229 of the Neklyudovsky field were characterized by a hazardous category of pollution. In the soil of the Neklyudovsky field of wells No. 6, 6 (gas), 8 there was a decrease in the petroleum products content in 2018 compared to 2017. In soil samples an excess of the heavy metals mobile forms MPC content was revealed in the Neklyudovsky field - well No. 6, 229, in the Mogutovsky field - well No. 103-K, in the Koltubanovsky field - well No. 6.