Communication protocols used for industrial automation

Abstract

Various communication protocols are necessary for industrial automation in order for devices and systems to exchange data and control signals [20, 21, 24]. These procedures are essential for maintaining reliable and effective operation in industrial settings. Several popular industrial automation communication [1, 3, 10, 15–17, 22] protocols are listed below: Modbus: A popular serial communication protocol is called Modbus. It is a common choice for attaching field devices like sensors and actuators to programmable logic controllers (PLCs) and other industrial controls since it is straightforward and open [4,5, 6, 19, 22]. Profibus: Field devices and control systems can communicate using the fieldbus protocol [9] Profibus. It is available in a variety of forms, such as Profibus DP for high-speed communication and Profibus PA for process automation [7, 8]. DeviceNet: For connecting and managing industrial devices, DeviceNet is a network protocol used in industrial automation. It frequently appears in I/O and motor control applications. Ethernet/IP: An industrial Ethernet standard called Ethernet/IP enables easy communication between gadgets made by various vendors [11, 12, 13, 23]. It is based on Ethernet protocol standard and employs Common Industrial Protocol (CIP). Profinet: Another industrial Ethernet protocol, called Profinet, is mostly utilized in Europe. It provides fast connection and works with several Ethernet standards. CAN (Controller Area Network): Automotive and industrial applications employ the sturdy and dependable serial communication standard known as CAN. It is popular in distributed control systems because of its fault tolerance. Foundation Fieldbus: A widely used protocol for process control applications is called Fieldbus. It is intended for use in process industries as a real-time control and monitoring system for field devices. HART (Highway Addressable Remote Transducer): Process industries frequently use HART, a hybrid analog/digital communication protocol, with smart field equipment. Along with the analog stream, more digital data may be transmitted [18]. Modbus TCP/IP: A modification to the Modbus protocol called Modbus TCP/IP enables Modbus communication over Ethernet networks. It is frequently utilized to link PLCs and other hardware to SCADA systems. OPC (OLE for Process Control): OPC is a set of standards and specifications that enable interoperability between various industrial automation devices and software applications but is not a communication protocol in and of itself. EtherCAT: An Ethernet-based fieldbus system called EtherCAT is renowned for its real-time and high-speed communication capabilities. It is frequently employed in applications that call for rapid data interchange and exact synchronization. CANopen: A higher-layer protocol built on the CAN physical layer is known as CANopen. It is utilized for device-to-device communication in a variety of applications, such as automation and motion control. Modbus RTU: Binary encoding and serial (RS-232 or RS-485) transmission are used in the Modbus RTU protocol, a variation of the Modbus standard. It is frequently utilized in applications that call for lengthy cable runs. CC-Link: A series of network protocols known as CC-Link is mostly utilized in Asia for industrial automation. To accommodate various applications, it provides a range of speed and topology options. BACnet: BACnet is sometimes utilized in industrial settings for HVAC management and monitoring, despite being more frequently connected with building automation systems (BAS).

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