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3Rs Principle and Legislative Decrees to Achieve High Standard of Animal Research

Paolo Verderio, Mara Lecchi, Chiara Maura Ciniselli, Bjorn Shishmani, Giovanni Apolone, Giacomo Manenti

2023Animals35 citationsDOIOpen Access PDF

Abstract

Animal experimentation is a vast ecosystem that tries to make different issues such as legislative, ethical and scientific coexist. Research in animal experimentation has made many strides thanks to the 3Rs principle and the attached legislative decrees, but for this very reason, it needs to be evenly implemented both among the countries that have adhered to the decrees and among the team members who design and execute the experimental practice. In this article, we emphasize the importance of the 3Rs principle's application, with a particular focus on the concept of Reduction and related key aspects that can best be handled with the contribution of experts from different fields.

Topics & Concepts

LegislatureEngineering ethicsFocus (optics)Political scienceKey (lock)Management scienceComputer scienceLawEngineeringComputer securityOpticsPhysicsAnimal testing and alternativesPluripotent Stem Cells Research3D Printing in Biomedical Research
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