Simultaneously enhanced energy storage performance and luminance resistance in (K <sub>0.5</sub>Na <sub>0.5</sub>)NbO <sub>3</sub>-based ceramics via synergistic optimization strategy
Yu Huan, D. Gui, Changxiao Li, Tao Wei, Lingzhi Wu, Xinjian Wang, Xiaozhi Wang, Zhenxiang Cheng
Abstract
The rapidly advancing energy storage performance of dielectric ceramics capacitors have garnered significant interest for applications in fast charge/discharge and high-power electronic techniques. Exploring the exceptional electrical properties in harsh environment can further promote their practical applications. Defect carriers can be excited under the luminance irradiation, thus leading to the degradation of energy storage performance . Herein, a synergic optimization strategy is proposed to enhance the energy storage properties and luminance resistance of (K<sub>0.5</sub>Na<sub>0.5</sub>)NbO<sub>3</sub>-base (KNN) ceramics. First, the introduction of a Bi(Zn<sub>0.5</sub>Ti<sub>0.5</sub>)O<sub>3</sub> solid solution and La<sup>3+</sup> ions disrupts the long-range polar orders and enhances superparaelectric relaxation characteristic. Additionally, doping La<sup>3+</sup> ions can increase the band gap and reduce oxygen vacancy concentration, resulting in excellent luminance resistance. Finally, the viscous polymer process is employed to suppress the grain growth and promote chemical homogeneity. As a result, an ultrahigh recoverable energy storage density (<em>W</em><sub>rec</sub>) of 8.11 J/cm<sup>3</sup> and high efficiency (<em>η</em>) of 80.98% are achieved under an electric field of 568 kV/cm. Moreover, the variations in <em>W</em><sub>rec</sub> and <em>η </em>are only 12.45% and 1.75%, respectively under 500 W xenon lamp irradiation compared to the performance under dark environment. These findings hold great potential in facilitating the practical application of dielectric ceramic capacitors in luminance irradiation environments.