Self-inactivating, all-in-one AAV vectors for precision Cas9 genome editing via homology-directed repair in vivo
Raed Ibraheim, Phillip W.L. Tai, Aamir Mir, Nida Javeed, Jiaming Wang, Tomás Rodríguez, Suk Namkung, Samantha J. Nelson, Eraj Shafiq Khokhar, Esther Mintzer, Stacy A. Maitland, Zexiang Chen, Yueying Cao, Emmanouela Tsagkaraki, Scot A. Wolfe, Dan Wang, Athma A. Pai, Wen Xue, Guangping Gao, Erik J. Sontheimer
Abstract
Adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors are important delivery platforms for therapeutic genome editing but are severely constrained by cargo limits. Simultaneous delivery of multiple vectors can limit dose and efficacy and increase safety risks. Here, we describe single-vector, ~4.8-kb AAV platforms that express Nme2Cas9 and either two sgRNAs for segmental deletions, or a single sgRNA with a homology-directed repair (HDR) template. We also use anti-CRISPR proteins to enable production of vectors that self-inactivate via Nme2Cas9 cleavage. We further introduce a nanopore-based sequencing platform that is designed to profile rAAV genomes and serves as a quality control measure for vector homogeneity. We demonstrate that these platforms can effectively treat two disease models [type I hereditary tyrosinemia (HT-I) and mucopolysaccharidosis type I (MPS-I)] in mice by HDR-based correction of the disease allele. These results will enable the engineering of single-vector AAVs that can achieve diverse therapeutic genome editing outcomes.