Molecular gas and dust properties of galaxies from the Great Observatories All-sky LIRG Survey
R. Herrero‐Illana, George C. Privon, A. Evans, T. Díaz-Santos, M. Á. Pérez-Torres, V. U, Iwasawa, K., Armus, L., Aalto, S., Mazzarella, J., Chu, J., Sanders, D.B., Barcos-Munoz, L., Charmandaris, V., Linden, S.T., Yoon, I., Frayer, D.T., Inami, H., Kim, D.C., Borish, H.J., Conway, J., Murphy, E.J., Song, Y., Stierwalt, S., Surace, J.
Abstract
We present IRAM-30 m Telescope 12CO and 13CO observations of a sample of 55 luminous and ultraluminous infrared galaxies (LIRGs and ULIRGs) in the local universe. This sample is a subset of the Great Observatory All-Sky LIRG Survey (GOALS), for which we use ancillary multi-wavelength data to better understand their interstellar medium and star formation properties. Fifty-three (96%) of the galaxies are detected in 12CO, and 29 (52%) are also detected in 13CO above a 3σ level. The median full width at zero intensity (FWZI) velocity of the CO line emission is 661 km s−1, and ∼54% of the galaxies show a multi-peak CO profile. Herschel photometric data is used to construct the far-IR spectral energy distribution of each galaxy, which are fit with a modified blackbody model that allows us to derive dust temperatures and masses, and infrared luminosities. We make the assumption that the gas-to-dust mass ratio of (U)LIRGs is comparable to local spiral galaxies with a similar stellar mass (i.e., gas/dust of mergers is comparable to their progenitors) to derive a CO-to-H2 conversion factor of ⟨α⟩ = 1.8−0.8+1.3 M⊙ (K km s−1 pc2)−1; such a value is comparable to that derived for (U)LIRGs based on dynamical mass arguments. We derive gas depletion times of 400 − 600 Myr for the (U)LIRGs, compared to the 1.3 Gyr for local spiral galaxies. Finally, we re-examine the relationship between the 12CO/13CO ratio and dust temperature, confirming a transition to elevated ratios in warmer systems.