Association between blood inflammatory indices and heart failure: a cross-sectional study of NHANES 2009-2018
Yayun Zhang, Feng Lu, Zixiong Zhu, Yubin He, Xuewen Li
Abstract
Background: Inflammation plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of heart failure (HF).This study was aimed to the potential association between complete blood cell count (CBC)-derived inflammatory biomarkers and HF.Methods: Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2009-2018 were utilised.We evaluated the associations between HF and five systemic inflammation markers derived from CBC: systemic immune-inflammation index (SII), systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR).Demographic characteristics, physical examinations, and laboratory data were systematically collected for comparative analysis between HF and non-HF individuals.Fitted smoothing curves and threshold effect analysis delineated the relationship.In addition, Spearman correlation and subgroup analyses were further conducted.Results: A total of 26,021 participants were categorised into HF (n = 858) and non-HF (n = 25,163) groups.After adjusting for confounding variables, SIRI, NLR, and MLR had significant positive correlations with the risk of HF.Participants in the highest quarter groups of SIRI, NLR, and MLR showed a increased risk of developing HF compared to those in the lowest quarter group.Furthermore, subgroup and sensitivity analyses indicated that SIRI, NLR, and MLR had a stronger correlation to HF (all p < 0.05).Smoothing curve fitting highlighted a nonlinear relationship between CBC-derived inflammatory biomarkers and HF.Conclusions: Our results illustrated a significant association between elevated levels of SIRI, NLR, and MLR and an increased risk of HF.SIRI, NLR, and MLR could potentially serve as systemic inflammation hazard markers for HF.