Gut insulin action protects from hepatocarcinogenesis in diabetic mice comorbid with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
Kotaro Soeda, Takayoshi Sasako, Kenichiro Enooku, Naoto Kubota, Naoki Kobayashi, Yoshiko Matsumoto Ikushima, Motoharu Awazawa, Ryotaro Bouchi, Gotaro Toda, Tomoharu Yamada, T. Nakatsuka, Ryosuke Tateishi, Miwako Kakiuchi, Shogo Yamamoto, Kenji Tatsuno, Koji Atarashi, Wataru Suda, Kenya Honda, Hiroyuki Aburatani, Toshimasa Yamauchi, Mitsuhiro Fujishiro, Tetsuo Noda, Kazuhiko Koike, Takashi Kadowaki, Kohjiro Ueki
Abstract
Diabetes is known to increase the risk of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Here we treat male STAM (STelic Animal Model) mice, which develop diabetes, NASH and HCC associated with dysbiosis upon low-dose streptozotocin and high-fat diet (HFD), with insulin or phlorizin. Although both treatments ameliorate hyperglycemia and NASH, insulin treatment alone lead to suppression of HCC accompanied by improvement of dysbiosis and restoration of antimicrobial peptide production. There are some similarities in changes of microflora from insulin-treated patients comorbid with diabetes and NASH. Insulin treatment, however, fails to suppress HCC in the male STAM mice lacking insulin receptor specifically in intestinal epithelial cells (ieIRKO), which show dysbiosis and impaired gut barrier function. Furthermore, male ieIRKO mice are prone to develop HCC merely on HFD. These data suggest that impaired gut insulin signaling increases the risk of HCC, which can be countered by restoration of insulin action in diabetes.