SARS-CoV-2 Spike-Binding Antibody Longevity and Protection from Reinfection with Antigenically Similar SARS-CoV-2 Variants
John Kubale, Charles Gleason, Juan Manuel Carreño, Komal Srivastava, Gagandeep Singh, PARIS Study Team, Aubree Gordon, Florian Krammer, Viviana Simon, Hala Alshammary, Angela A. Amoako, Dalles Andre, Mahmoud Awawda, Katherine F. Beach, Dominika Bielak, Maria C. Bermúdez‐González, Gianna Y. Cai, Rachel Chernet, Christian Cognigni, Emily D. Ferreri, Daniel Floda, Joshua Hamburger, Hisaaki Kawabata, Giulio Kleiner, Neko Lyttle, Wanni A. Mendez, Lubbertus C. F. Mulder, Ismail Nabeel, Annika Oostenink, Ariel Raskin, Aria Rooker, Kayla T. Russo, Ashley Beathrese T. Salimbangon, Miti Saksena, Levy A. Sominsky, Daniel Stadlbauer, Johnston Tcheou, Ania Wajnberg
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 is the cause of one of the largest noninfluenza pandemics of this century. This exceptional public health crisis highlights the urgent need for better understanding of the correlates of protection from infection and severe COVID-19. We established the PARIS cohort to determine durability and effectiveness of SARS-CoV-2 immune responses. Here, we report on the kinetics of SARS-CoV-2 spike-binding antibody after SARS-CoV-2 infection as well as reinfection rates using data collected between April 2020 and August 2021. We found that antibody levels stabilized at individual steady state levels after an initial decrease with seroreversion being found in only 6% of the convalescent participants. SARS-CoV-2 infections only occurred in participants without detectable spike-binding antibodies, indicating significant protection from reinfection with antigenically similar viruses. Our data indicate the importance of spike-binding antibody titers in protection prior to vaccination and the wide circulation of antigenically diverse variants of concern.