Recent advances on additive manufacturing of heterogeneous/gradient metallic materials via laser powder bed fusion
Di Wang, Linqing Liu, Jinrong Tang, Yang Liu, Chao Wei, Zhixiao Weng, Jiawei Shao, Hua Tan, Wei Zhou, Bram Neirinck, Nicolas Gianfolcaro, Yongqiang Yang, Changjun Han
Abstract
Abstract Multi-material laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) additive manufacturing is a promising approach for integrating the functionality and mechanical performance of dissimilar materials into complex parts. This review offers a comprehensive overview of the recent advancements in multi-material LPBF, with a particular focus on compositionally heterogeneous/gradient parts and their fabrication methods and equipment, control of interfacial defects, innovative designs, and potential applications. It commences with the introduction of LPBF-processed compositionally heterogeneous/gradient structures with dissimilar material distributions, including Z-direction compositionally heterogeneous structures, compositionally gradient structures in the Z-direction and XY planes, and three-dimensional (3D) compositionally heterogeneous structures. Subsequently, various LPBF methods and equipment for fabricating compositionally heterogeneous/gradient structures have been presented. Furthermore, the interfacial defects and process control during LPBF for these types of compositionally heterogeneous/gradient structures are discussed. Additionally, innovative designs and potential applications of parts made from compositionally heterogeneous/gradient structures are illustrated. Finally, perspectives on the LPBF fabrication methods for compositionally heterogeneous/gradient structures are highlighted to provide guidance for future research.