High-Precision In Situ Control of Transverse Magnetic Field in ASGs Based on High-Frequency Modulation and Transient Response
Haoying Pang, H. Y. Wang, Kai Zhang, Wenfeng Fan, Wei Quan
Abstract
The coupling between the transverse magnetic field and the angular velocity in atomic spin gyroscopes (ASGs) makes it difficult to achieve high-precision in situ closed-loop control, which seriously affects the long-term stability of the gyroscopes. This article innovatively proposes a transverse magnetic field closed-loop control method based on high-frequency modulation and transient response. A steady-state response model for the electron spin–nuclear spin coupling ensemble based on high-frequency modulation is established, enabling high-precision in situ measurement of the transverse magnetic field. A method for decoupling the transverse magnetic field and angular velocity based on transient response is proposed. Based on the above, a transverse magnetic field closed-loop control scheme is designed, achieving high-precision in situ closed-loop control in the ASGs for the first time. Experimental results demonstrate that the sensitivities of in situ transverse magnetic field measurements reach 50 and 110 fT/Hz<inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mathbf {^{1/2}}$</tex-math></inline-formula>, respectively. The inertial sensitivity of the ASGs is improved by 23.8<inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\%$</tex-math></inline-formula> to <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mathbf {6.30 \times {10^{ - 6}}}^{\circ }$</tex-math></inline-formula>/s/Hz<inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mathbf {^{1/2}}$</tex-math></inline-formula>, and the bias instability is reduced by 31.3<inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\%$</tex-math></inline-formula> to <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mathbf {9.04 \times {10^{-3}}}^{\circ }$</tex-math></inline-formula>/h. This approach is of great significance for improving the anti-interference capability of ASGs and broadening their application range.