Quantum for biology: Spectroscopy and sensing
Morteza Sasani Ghamsari, Farzaneh Baniasadi
Abstract
Quantum biology (QB) is frequently recognized as an emerging field, applying quantum theory to study life sciences in combination with physics, mechanics, mathematics, statistics, and modern biology, promising novel insights into biological phenomena. Besides QB, there has been a rise in focus on quantum technology tools, particularly their biological applications. Using quantum light sources, quantum devices, and quantum protocols can help improve the accuracy and resolution of measurement, spectroscopy, and sensing. This approach could lead to a better quality of sensing and measuring changes at quantum scales in biological systems. Certain quantum phenomena, including quantum correlation, quantum entanglement, quantum interference, quantum coherence, and quantum squeezing, can be used in quantum metrology to create new sensing and spectroscopic techniques. For the first time, in this article, the role of quantum spectroscopy and sensing in medical and biological applications is reviewed. Additionally, the opportunities and problems of state-of-the-art quantum biological sensing approaches are outlined.