Effect of Joule Heating and Thermal Radiation of MHD Boundary Layer Oldroyd‐B Nanofluid Flow with Heat Transfer over a Porous Stretching Sheet by Finite Element Method
Hakeem Ullah, Mehreen Fiza, Kamal Hussain Khan, Shamaila Batool, Syed Muhammad Ghufran, Seham M. Al‐Mekhlafi
Abstract
In this study, an incompressible two‐dimensional Oldroyd‐B nanofluid steady flow past a stretching sheet considering the outcomes of magneto‐hydrodynamics (MHD) and porous medium with magnetic, electrical, and thermal radiation effects is investigated. Using a similarity transformation, the governing equations in the form of partial differential equations (PDEs) are converted into a nonlinear ordinary differential equations (ODEs) system. The acquired system is numerically solved by the finite element method (FEM). The effects of physical parameters like Deborah numbers “ β 1 ” and “ β 2 ”, Brownian motion “ N b ”, thermophoresis parameter “ N t ”, Prandtl parameter “ Pr ”, Lewis number “ L e ”, thermal conductivity “ k ”, dynamic viscosity “ μ ”, magnetic and electric effects as “ M ” and “ E 1 ”, and thermal radiation effect “Rd” on the flow are studied in detail. For higher N b values, regional Nusselt numbers are increasing in magnitude. The local Sherwood number’s size rises for high N b numbers.