Efficacy and complications of cataract surgery in high myopia
Yunqian Yao, Qiang Lu, Ling Wei, Kaiwen Cheng, Yi Lü, Xiangjia Zhu
Abstract
To evaluate the efficacy and complications of cataract surgery in high myopia, a comprehensive search query was conducted from January 2000 to August 2020. A total of 19 586 highly myopic eyes from 28 studies were included. Modern cataract surgery turns out efficacious in highly myopic eyes with significant improvement of visual acuity. However, phacoemulsification-related complications such as posterior capsular rupture (3.91%, 95% CI, 1.98%-6.37%), retinal detachment (1.74%, 95% CI, 1.36%-2.15%), progressed myopic traction maculopathy (5.07%, 95% CI, 1.80%-9.37%), capsular contraction syndrome (2.1%), intraocular lens dislocation (0.58%), and transient intraocular pressure elevation (28.15%, 95% CI, 20.29%-36.70%) occurred more frequently in the highly myopic population. Separate analyses were also conducted based on follow-up period. In conclusion, modern cataract surgery was effective for highly myopic cataract patients, whereas careful precautions and sufficient follow-ups were of great value because of higher incidences of intraoperative and postoperative complications.