Urine; a new promising biological fluid to act as a non-invasive biomarker for different human diseases
Namrata Balhara, M. Memita Devi, Ajay Balda, Manisha Phour, Arup Giri
Abstract
Traditional disease diagnosis often involves invasive procedures like biopsies or blood draws, which are uncomfortable, costly, and carry risks. However, recent advancements in non-invasive biomarker detection have opened new avenues for diagnosing diseases using accessible biological fluids such as urine. Urine shows great promise as a fluid that can provide insights of all the physiological status. This paper explores urine's potential as a non-invasive biomarker for various diseases. It offers advantages like convenient non-invasive collection, diverse biomarker molecules, and ample quantities for multiple analyses. Urine holds promise as a cost-effective, non-invasive diagnostic tool.