Skeletal Muscle Nrf2 Contributes to Exercise-Evoked Systemic Antioxidant Defense Via Extracellular Vesicular Communication
Lie Gao, Hanjun Wang, Changhai Tian, Irving H. Zucker
Abstract
This review explores the hypothesis that the repetitive contraction-relaxation that occurs during chronic exercise activates skeletal myocyte nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-like 2 (Nrf2) to upregulate antioxidant enzymes. These proteins are secreted into the circulation within extracellular vesicles and taken up by remote cells, thus providing remote organs with cytoprotection against subsequent oxidative stress.
Topics & Concepts
CytoprotectionSkeletal muscleExtracellularOxidative stressCell biologyAntioxidantMyocyteDownregulation and upregulationExtracellular vesiclesContraction (grammar)ChemistryBiologyEndocrinologyBiochemistryGeneExercise and Physiological ResponsesAdipose Tissue and MetabolismGenomics, phytochemicals, and oxidative stress