Dietary intake of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and furans, adiposity and obesity status.
Nadine Khoury, María Ángeles Martínez, Indira Paz‐Graniel, Miguel Ángel Martínez‐González, Dolores Corella, Olga Castañer, J. Alfredo Martínéz, Ángel M. Alonso‐Gómez, Julia Wärnberǵ, Jesús Vioqué, Dora Romaguera, José López‐Miranda, Ramón Estruch, Francisco J. Tinahones, José Lapetra, J. Lluís Serra-Majem, Aurora Bueno‐Cavanillas, Josep A. Tur, Sergio Cinza‐Sanjurjo, Xavier Pintó, José J. Gaforio, Pilar Matía‐Martín, Josép Vidal, Clotilde Vázquez, Lidia Daimiel, Emilio Ros, Carmen Sayón-Orea, José V. Sorlí, Karla Alejandra Pérez‐Vega, Antoni Sureda, Nuria Gómez Bellvert, Enrique Gómez‐Gracia, M. Ángeles Zulet, Alice Chaplin, Rosa Casas, Inmaculada Salcedo‐Bellido, Lucas Tojal‐Sierra, M. Rosa Bernal‐López, Zenaida Vázquez‐Ruiz, Eva M. Asensio, Albert Goday, Patricia J. Peña‐Orihuela, Antonio J. Signes‐Pastor, Ana García‐Arellano, Montserrat Fitó, Nancy Babió, Jordi Salas‐Salvadó
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: The principal source of exposure to Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-furans (PCDD/Fs) in humans comes from food intake. PCDD/Fs, are a family of potential endocrine disruptors and have been associated with different chronic diseases such as diabetes and hypertension. However, studies assessing the relationship between dietary exposure to PCDD/Fs and adiposity or obesity status in a middle-aged population are limited. OBJECTIVE: To assess cross-sectionally and longitudinally the associations between estimated dietary intake (DI) of PCDD/Fs and body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and the prevalence/incidence of obesity and abdominal obesity in a middle-aged population. METHODS: In 5899 participants aged 55-75 years (48% women) living with overweight/obesity from the PREDIMED-plus cohort, PCDD/Fs DI was estimated using a 143-item validated food-frequency questionnaire, and the levels of food PCDD/F expressed as Toxic Equivalents (TEQ). Consequently, cross-sectional and prospective associations between baseline PCDD/Fs DI (in pgTEQ/week) and adiposity or obesity status were assessed at baseline and after 1-year follow-up using multivariable cox, logistic or linear regression models. RESULTS: Compared to participants in the first PCDD/F DI tertile, those in the highest tertile presented a higher BMI (β-coefficient [confidence interval]) (0.43kg/m2 [0.22; 0.64]; P-trend <0.001), a higher waist circumference (1.11 cm [0.55; 1.66]; P-trend <0.001), and a higher prevalence of obesity and abdominal obesity (1.05 [1.01; 1.09] and 1.02 [1.00; 1.03]; P-trend = 0.09 and 0.027, respectively). In the prospective analysis, participants in the top PCDD/F DI baseline tertile showed an increase in waist circumference compared with those in the first tertile after 1-year of follow-up (β-coefficient 0.37 cm [0.06; 0.70]; P-trend = 0.015). CONCLUSION: Higher DI of PCDD/Fs was positively associated with adiposity parameters and obesity status at baseline and with changes in waist circumference after 1-year of follow-up in subjects living with overweight/obesity. Further large prospective studies using a different population with longer follow-up periods are warranted in the future to strengthen our results.