Reactive Extraction for Fatty Acid Methyl Ester Production from Castor Seeds Using a Heterogeneous Base Catalyst: Process Parameter Optimization and Characterization
Lemlem Feseha Mamuye, Ali Shemsedin Reshad
Abstract
value near 1.0 was obtained to predict the yield using the input parameters. The maximum yield CKO FAME of 96.13 wt % with 94.4% purity of produced CKO FAME was obtained at a catalyst concentration of 4.09 wt % and a methanol-to-oil molar ratio of 330.9:1 for 6 h with a reaction temperature of 64 °C. Therefore, a comparable conversion of castor seed oil triglyceride (96.13 wt %) was obtained in a single step directly from castor seeds. Furthermore, the rheological behavior investigation of castor kernel oil and castor methyl ester revealed that the dynamic viscosity of both samples was found to be dependent on triglyceride content and temperature.
Topics & Concepts
Extraction (chemistry)CatalysisCharacterization (materials science)ChemistryBase (topology)Process (computing)Fatty acidProduction (economics)Organic chemistryBiochemistryChromatographyPulp and paper industryMaterials scienceComputer scienceMathematicsEngineeringNanotechnologyEconomicsOperating systemMacroeconomicsMathematical analysisBiodiesel Production and ApplicationsLubricants and Their AdditivesPetroleum Processing and Analysis