Clinical significance of anti-NMDAR concurrent with glial or neuronal surface antibodies
Eugenia Martínez‐Hernández, Mar Guasp, Anna García‐Serra, Estibaliz Maudes, Helena Ariño, María Sepúlveda, Thaís Armangué, Ana Pilar Ramos, Tamir Ben‐Hur, Takahiro Iizuka, Albert Saiz, Francesc Graus, Josep Dalmau
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency and significance of concurrent glial (glial-Ab) or neuronal-surface (NS-Ab) antibodies in patients with anti-NMDA receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis. METHODS: Patients were identified during initial routine screening of a cohort (C1) of 646 patients consecutively diagnosed with anti-NMDAR encephalitis and another cohort (C2) of 200 patients systematically rescreened. Antibodies were determined with rat brain immunostaining and cell-based assays. RESULTS: = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: Between 4% and 7.5% of patients with anti-NMDAR encephalitis have concurrent glial-Ab or NS-Ab. Some of these antibodies (MOG-Ab, AQP4-Ab, NS-Ab) confer additional clinical-radiologic features and may influence prognosis.