Comparative analysis of nano-additives for enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen production: A hybrid approach using MEREC and sensitivity methods
Tauseef Hassan, Osama Khan, Mohd Zaheen Khan, Pratibha Kumari, Mohd Parvez, Azhar Equbal, Taufique Ahamad
Abstract
Photocatalytic hydrogen production is a cutting-edge technology that offers a sustainable and efficient pathway for clean energy generation, crucial for mitigating the global energy crisis. This study specifically identified the most effective nano-additives for photocatalytic water splitting into hydrogen fuel , with a detailed evaluation of various nanocomposites. The analysis utilized the method based on the removal effects of criteria method to determine the importance of different performance parameters, prioritizing stability (27 %) and hydrogen production (26 %) as the most critical factors. Based on these weighted criteria, Graphene/TiO 2 was identified as the top-performing nano-additive, followed closely by g-C 3 N 4 /TiO 2 and Pt-TiO 2 . The findings highlight that the superior charge separation, enhanced bandgap, and extensive surface area of Graphene/TiO 2 contribute significantly to its outstanding performance. Graphene/TiO 2 achieved the optimal outcomes with hydrogen production of 2100 μmol/g·h, a photocatalytic efficiency of 95 %, stability of 50 hours, and a cost-effectiveness of $15/g. Sensitivity analysis confirmed these results, emphasizing the robustness of these nanocomposites under varied conditions. The study's implications suggest that these advanced photocatalytic materials, can drive efficient hydrogen evolution , offering a scalable and environmentally friendly alternative to conventional fossil fuels .