Experimental modeling, optimization and comparison of coagulants for removal of metallic pollutants from wastewater
Qamar uz Zaman, Sana Anwar, Faisal Mehmood, Rab Nawaz, Nasir Masood, Arif Nazir, Munawar Iqbal, Saba Nazir, Khawar Sultan
Abstract
Abstract Wastewater treatment coagulation is one of the most important physicochemical operations used in industry. The adsorption capability of marigold leaf powder, tea waste and ferrous sulfate was investigated for domestic and tannery effluents. These adsorbents significantly affected the pH, electrical conductivity (EC) and turbidity of wastewater. Maximum decrease in all the attributes was observed for 10 g of adsorbents application. All the adsorbents significantly affected the physiochemical attributes of both wastewaters. Similarly, maximum adsorption potential was observed in case of tea waste powder. Maximum decrease in all physiochemical attributes such as pH (15%), EC (21%), turbidity (54%), total dissolved solids (TDS; 36%), total suspended solids (TSS; 43%), total hardness (TH; 52%), chloride contents (59%) and phosphate contents (60%) was observed with the application of 10 g of tea waste. Regarding the heavy metals, maximum decrease for cadmium (Cd; 47%), lead (Pb; 81%), arsenic (As; 44%), copper (Cu; 75%), iron (Fe; 49%), chromium (Cr; 68%) and zinc (Zn; 64%) was observed in same treatment. The decreasing order in terms of their adsorption potential for coagulants was tea waste > marigold leaf powder > ferrous sulfate. However, for the wastewater, the maximum effect of adsorbents was observed in case of domestic wastewater as compared to the tannery water. Based on these data, it is suggested that tea waste has maximum adsorption potential for the remediation of wastewater.