Two-photon polymerization-assisted 3D laser nanoprinting: from fundamentals to modern applications
I. Boudene, Yahya Bougdid
Abstract
Two-photon lithography (2PL) enables high-resolution 3D nanoprinting of complex, functional microdevices. This review examines 2PL fundamentals, resolution and throughput improvements, and emerging applications in various fields.
Topics & Concepts
Materials sciencePolymerizationLaserTwo-photon excitation microscopyNanotechnologyOpticsPolymerComposite materialPhysicsFluorescenceNonlinear Optical Materials StudiesNanofabrication and Lithography TechniquesLaser Material Processing Techniques