KSHV Topologically Associating Domains in Latent and Reactivated Viral Chromatin
Mel Campbell, Chanikarn Chantarasrivong, Yuichi Yanagihashi, Tomoki Inagaki, Ryan R. Davis, Kazushi Nakano, Ashish Kumar, Clifford G. Tepper, Yoshihiro Izumiya
Abstract
The 3D architecture of chromatin allows for efficient arrangement, expression, and replication of genetic material. The genomes of all organisms studied to date have been found to be organized through some form of tiered domain structures. However, the architectural framework of the genomes of large double-stranded DNA viruses such as the herpesvirus family has not been reported. Prior studies with Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) have indicated that the viral chromatin shares many biological properties exhibited by the host cell genome, essentially behaving as a mini human chromosome. Thus, we hypothesized that the KSHV genome may be organized in a similar manner. In this report, we describe the domain structure of the latent and lytic KSHV genome at 500 bp resolution and present a 3D genomic structural model for KSHV under each condition. These results add new insights into the complex regulation of the viral life cycle.