Toxicity of <i>Trewia nudiflora</i>-mediated silver nanoparticles on mosquito larvae and non-target aquatic fauna
Venkattan Esan, C. Elanchezhiyan, Shahid Mahboob, Khalid A. Al‐Ghanim, F. Al‐Misned, Zubair Ahmed, Kuppusamy Elumalai, Kaliyamoorthy Krishnappa, Marimuthu Govindarajan
Abstract
In this study, we synthesized and characterized (UV–vis, XRD, FTIR, SEM, TEM, and AFM) Trewia nudiflora-assisted silver nanoparticles (Tn-AgNPs). The toxicity of T. nudiflora leaf aqueous extract and Tn-AgNPs was tested against Anopheles stephensi, Aedes aegypti, and Culex quinquefasciatus larvae and its LC50 values were 121.82/16.69, 130.51/18.11, and 142.38/19.53 μg mL–1, respectively. Moreover, the biotoxicity was analyzed against the aquatic non-target fauna Anisops bouvieri, Diplonychus indicus, and Gambusia affinis. The LC50 values of non-target fauna were 1064.66–26,537.05 μg mL–1. Thus, the Tn-AgNPs significantly controlled the mosquito larvae with less toxic effects on aquatic non-target fauna.