Thermal analysis of magnetic Fe <sub>3</sub> O <sub>4</sub> -Cu-Ag/H <sub>2</sub> O ternary hybrid nanofluid in a rotating sphere with nanoparticle shape effects
Mariam M. O. Alsoufi, Kotha Gangadhar, Kankipati Subbarao, Saeed Dinarvand
Abstract
Ternary hybrid nanofluids outperform conventional coolants in both absorbing and transferring heat, rendering them ideal for cooling purposes in machinery, electronics, and various industrial processes. Given these intriguing properties of coolant-based ternary hybrid nanofluid, this numerical learning aims to analyze the unsteady flow of stagnation points Fe3O4-Cu–Ag/H2O ternary hybrid nanofluid around a turning sphere with magnetic pasture, and nonlinear thermal energy effects. The primary PDE’s are converted into ODE’s by using likeness variables, and a technique known as bvp4c is used to partially solve them. The deferral of nanoparticles with 2% the volume fraction achieves specific rates of heat transmission 56.38%, 52.8%, 158.79%, 85.65% and 70.43% for spheres, blades, bricks, platelets, and cylinders, correspondingly. According to the research, the best heat transfer rates for hybrid, mono, and ternary nanofluids are 6.93%, 14.27%, and 19.85%, respectively, for Cu/H2O, Fe3O4-Ag/H2O, and Fe3O4-Cu–Ag/H2O nanofluids. Lastly, there is more skin friction with platelet-shaped nanoparticles.