Expression and functions of adenylyl cyclases in the CNS
Karan Devasani, Yao Yao
Abstract
Adenylyl cyclases (ADCYs), by generating second messenger cAMP, play important roles in various cellular processes. Their expression, regulation and functions in the CNS, however, remain largely unknown. In this review, we first introduce the classification and structure of ADCYs, followed by a discussion of the regulation of mammalian ADCYs (ADCY1-10). Next, the expression and function of each mammalian ADCY isoform are summarized in a region/cell-specific manner. Furthermore, the effects of GPCR-ADCY signaling on blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity are reviewed. Last, current challenges and future directions are discussed. We aim to provide a succinct review on ADCYs to foster new research in the future.
Topics & Concepts
Gene isoformNeuroscienceAdenylyl cyclaseFunction (biology)BiologySecond messenger systemSignal transductionCell biologyComputational biologyGeneticsGenePhosphodiesterase function and regulationReceptor Mechanisms and SignalingNeuropeptides and Animal Physiology