Impact of Stress on Menstrual Cyclicity During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic: A Survey Study
Noelle Ozimek, Karen M Velez, Hannah Anvari, Lauren Butler, Kara N. Goldman, Nicole C. Woitowich
Abstract
Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has introduced acute and persistent psychosocial stressors for many individuals, with emerging gender differences that suggest women may be at greater risk for poorer mental health outcomes. This may have unintended consequences for women's overall health and well-being, including disruptions to reproductive function as elevated stress is often associated with menstrual cycle irregularities. The objective of this study was to determine if and how the COVID-19 pandemic and its related stressors have impacted women's menstrual cyclicity.
Topics & Concepts
MedicineMenstrual cyclePandemicPsychosocialStressorPerceived Stress ScaleYoung adultCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)DemographyReproductive healthDiseaseEnvironmental healthPopulationGerontologyClinical psychologyStress (linguistics)PsychiatryInternal medicineInfectious disease (medical specialty)HormoneLinguisticsPhilosophySociologyCOVID-19 Impact on ReproductionMenstrual Health and DisordersCOVID-19 and Mental Health