Upregulation of glucocorticoid receptor‐mediated glucose transporter 4 in enzalutamide‐resistant prostate cancer
Seiji Hoshi, Satoru Meguro, Hitomi Imai, Yuta Matsuoka, Yuki Yoshida, Akihumi Onagi, Ryo Tanji, Ruriko Honda‐Takinami, Kanako Matsuoka, Tomoyuki Koguchi, Junya Hata, Yuichi Sato, Hidenori Akaihata, Masao Kataoka, Soichiro Ogawa, Yoshiyuki Kojima
Abstract
Enzalutamide (Enz) is a second-generation androgen receptor (AR) antagonist for castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) therapy, and it prolongs survival time in these patients. However, during Enz treatment, CRPC patients usually acquire resistance to Enz and often show cross-resistance to other AR signaling inhibitors. Although glucocorticoid receptor (GR) is involved in this resistance, the role of GR has not yet been clarified. Here, we report that chronic Enz treatment induced GR-mediated glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) upregulation, and that upregulation was associated with resistance to Enz and other AR signaling inhibitors. Additionally, inhibition of GLUT4 suppressed cell proliferation in Enz-resistant prostate cancer cells, which recovered from Enz resistance and cross-resistance without changes in GR expression. Thus, a combination of Enz and a GLUT4 inhibitor could be useful in Enz-resistant CRPC patients.