Entropy Generation Analysis of Ferrofluid Flow Over Horizontal Surface with Heat Source and Radiative Effects

Abstract

This study provides a detailed investigation of heat transfer mechanisms on a flat surface under uniform heat flux, with a focus on the effects of heat sources and radiation. Central to this analysis is the role of magnetic nanoparticles dispersed in both water-based and oil-based fluids, aiming to balance thermal efficiency and system entropy. Using MATLAB for numerical simulations, the study examines the impact of varying nanoparticle concentrations on heat transfer dynamics and system irreversibility. The findings reveal a complex interaction between frictional, thermal, and magnetic irreversibilities. Specifically, an inverse relationship was observed between nanoparticle volume concentration and both frictional and thermal irreversibilities, counterbalanced by an increase in magnetic irreversibility. This highlights a critical concentration threshold where nanoparticles optimize system performance by minimizing overall irreversibility. For instance, increasing magnetic nanoparticle concentration by 25% led to a 15% improvement in heat transfer efficiency compared to base fluids. The study also investigates the effects of slip conditions, revealing that reducing slip tends to increase both frictional and thermal irreversibilities, albeit at the expense of magnetic irreversibility within a specific range of Reynolds numbers. For example, increasing the slip parameter from 0.1 to 0.5 resulted in a 15% improvement in heat transfer efficiency and a 10% reduction in entropy generation. Additionally, the economic aspect of using magnetic nanofluids is addressed, highlighting the increased fluid transportation costs due to higher nanoparticle concentrations. This study suggests that practical applications of magnetic nanofluids must carefully balance enhanced heat transfer with operational costs.

Topics & Concepts