Computational methods and theory for ion channel research
Carlo Guardiani, Fabio Cecconi, Letizia Chiodo, Grazia Cottone, Paolo Malgaretti, Luca Maragliano, Miraslau L. Barabash, Gaia Camisasca, Matteo Ceccarelli, Ben Corry, Roland Roth, Alberto Giacomello, Benoı̂t Roux
Abstract
Ion channels are fundamental biological devices that act as gates in order to ensure selective ion transport across cellular membranes; their operation constitutes the molecular mechanism through which basic biological functions, such as nerve signal transmission and muscle contraction, are carried out. Here, we review recent results in the field of computational research on ion channels, covering theoretical advances, state-of-the-art simulation approaches, and frontline modeling techniques. We also report on few selected applications of continuum and atomistic methods to characterize the mechanisms of permeation, selectivity, and gating in biological and model channels.