Comparison of PM2.5 Air Pollution Exposures and Health Effects Associations Using 11 Different Modeling Approaches in the Women’s Health Initiative Memory Study (WHIMS)
Melinda C. Power, Erin Bennett, Katie M. Lynch, James D. Stewart, Xiaohui Xu, Eun Sug Park, Richard L. Smith, William Vizuete, Helene G. Margolis, Ramon Casanova, R Wallace, Lianne Sheppard, Ying Qi, Marc L. Serre, Adam A. Szpiro, Jiu‐Chiuan Chen, Duanping Liao, Gregory A. Wellenius, Aaron van Donkelaar, Jeff D. Yanosky, Eric A. Whitsel
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Many approaches to quantifying air pollution exposures have been developed. However, the impact of choice of approach on air pollution estimates and health-effects associations remains unclear. OBJECTIVES: ) concentrations and resulting health effects associations using multiple estimation approaches previously used in epidemiologic analyses. METHODS: and death due to natural causes, cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality, and incident CVD events, adjusting for individual-level covariates and climate-based region. RESULTS: among estimation approaches in analyses adjusted for climate region. CONCLUSIONS: estimation approach in epidemiologic studies, as investigators balance concerns about bias, efficiency, and resource allocation. Future work is needed to understand whether these conclusions also apply in the context of other air pollutants of interest. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP12995.