Experimental solubility of aripiprazole in supercritical carbon dioxide and modeling
Eslam Ansari, Bizhan Honarvar, Seyed Ali Sajadian, Zahra Arab Aboosadi, Mehdi Azizi
Abstract
Abstract The solubility of compounds in supercritical carbon dioxide (SC- $${\mathrm{CO}}_{2}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>CO</mml:mi> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:msub> </mml:math> ) has found crucial significance in the fabrication of micro/nano-scaled drugs. In this research, the solubility of Aripiprazole was measured in SC- $${\mathrm{CO}}_{2}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>CO</mml:mi> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:msub> </mml:math> at various temperatures (308–338 K) and pressures (12–30 MPa). Moreover, the experimental solubility results were correlated with several semi-empirical models (Chrastil, Bartle et al., Kumar & Johnston, Menden-Santiago & Teja, Sodeifian et al., and Jouyban et al.) as well as the modified Wilson model. The molar fraction of the drug in SC- $${\mathrm{CO}}_{2}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>CO</mml:mi> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:msub> </mml:math> varied in the range of $$1.830\times {10}^{-6}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>1.830</mml:mn> <mml:mo>×</mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>10</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>-</mml:mo> <mml:mn>6</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> to $$1.036\times {10}^{-5}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>1.036</mml:mn> <mml:mo>×</mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>10</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mrow> <mml:mo>-</mml:mo> <mml:mn>5</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> </mml:msup> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> . The solubility highly depended on the operating pressure and temperature. The Chrastil (0.994), Jouyban et al. (0.993) and Sodeifian et al. (0.992) models showed the highest consistency with the obtained values. Furthermore, self-consistency tests were performed on the solubility of Aripiprazole in SC- $${\mathrm{CO}}_{2}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msub> <mml:mi>CO</mml:mi> <mml:mn>2</mml:mn> </mml:msub> </mml:math> . The approximate total enthalpy ( $${\mathrm{\Delta H}}_{\mathrm{total}}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>Δ</mml:mi> <mml:mi>H</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mi>total</mml:mi> </mml:msub> </mml:math> ), vaporization enthalpy ( $${\mathrm{\Delta H}}_{\mathrm{vap}}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>Δ</mml:mi> <mml:mi>H</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mi>vap</mml:mi> </mml:msub> </mml:math> ), and solubility enthalpy ( $${\mathrm{\Delta H}}_{\mathrm{sol}}$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:msub> <mml:mrow> <mml:mi>Δ</mml:mi> <mml:mi>H</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> <mml:mi>sol</mml:mi> </mml:msub> </mml:math> ) were also calculated.