Durability of mRNA-1273 vaccine–induced antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 variants
Amarendra Pegu, Sarah O’Connell, Stephen D. Schmidt, Sijy O’Dell, Chloe Adrienna Talana, Lilin Lai, Jim Albert, Evan J. Anderson, Hamilton Bennett, Kizzmekia S. Corbett, Britta Flach, Lisa A. Jackson, Brett Leav, Julie E. Ledgerwood, Catherine J. Luke, Mat Makowski, Martha Nason, Paul C. Roberts, Mario Roederer, Paulina A. Rebolledo, Christina A. Rostad, Nadine Rouphael, Wei Shi, Lingshu Wang, Alicia T. Widge, Eun Sung Yang, The mRNA-1273 Study Group§, John H. Beigel, Barney S. Graham, John R. Mascola, Mehul S. Suthar, Adrian B. McDermott, Nicole A. Doria‐Rose, Jae Arega, John H. Beigel, Wendy Buchanan, Mohammed Elsafy, Binh Hoang, Rebecca Lampley, Aparna Kolhekar, Hyung Il Koo, Catherine J. Luke, Mamodikoe Makhene, Seema Nayak, Rhonda Pikaart-Tautges, Paul C. Roberts, Janie Russell, Elisa Sindall, Jim Albert, Pratap Kunwar, Mat Makowski, Evan J. Anderson, Amer Bechnak, Mary Bower, Andrés Camacho-González, Matthew H. Collins, Ana Drobeniuc, Venkata Viswanadh Edara, Srilatha Edupuganti, Katharine Floyd, Theda Gibson, Cassie M. Grimsley Ackerley, Brandi Johnson, Satoshi Kamidani, Carol Kao, Colleen F. Kelley, Lilin Lai, Hollie Macenczak, Michele Paine McCullough, Etza Peters, Varun K. Phadke, Paulina A. Rebolledo, Christina A. Rostad, Nadine Rouphael, Erin M. Scherer, Amy C Sherman, Kathy Stephens, Mehul S. Suthar, Mehgan Teherani, Jessica Traenkner, Juton R. Winston, İnci Yıldırım, Lee Barr, Joyce Benoit, Barbara Carste, Joe Choe, Maya Dunstan, Roxanne Erolin, Jana ffitch, Colin Fields, Lisa A. Jackson, Erika Kiniry, Susan Lasicka, Stella E. Lee, M. Nguyen, Stephanie Pimienta, Janice Suyehira, Michael M. Witte, Hamilton Bennett, Nedim Emil Altaras
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) mutations may diminish vaccine-induced protective immune responses, particularly as antibody titers wane over time. Here, we assess the effect of SARS-CoV-2 variants B.1.1.7 (Alpha), B.1.351 (Beta), P.1 (Gamma), B.1.429 (Epsilon), B.1.526 (Iota), and B.1.617.2 (Delta) on binding, neutralizing, and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2)–competing antibodies elicited by the messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccine mRNA-1273 over 7 months. Cross-reactive neutralizing responses were rare after a single dose. At the peak of response to the second vaccine dose, all individuals had responses to all variants. Binding and functional antibodies against variants persisted in most subjects, albeit at low levels, for 6 months after the primary series of the mRNA-1273 vaccine. Across all assays, B.1.351 had the lowest antibody recognition. These data complement ongoing studies to inform the potential need for additional boost vaccinations.