Psoriatic Dactylitis: Current Perspectives and New Insights in Ultrasonography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Nicolò Girolimetto, Ivan Giovannini, G. Crepaldi, Gabriele De Marco, Ilaria Tinazzi, Niccolò Possemato, Pierluigi Macchioni, Rebecca McConnell, Dennis McGonagle, Annamaria Iagnocco, Alen Zabotti
Abstract
Dactylitis, one of the most typical features of psoriatic arthritis (PsA), is the diffuse swelling of the digits and is determined by the involvement of different anatomic structures, including: the subcutaneous fibrous tissue "accessory pulley" system; flexor tendons, with their related structures; the articular synovium; the small enthesis of the hands. Dactylitis is currently considered both a marker of disease activity and severe prognosis and its importance in PsA is emphasized by the inclusion in the classification criteria of PsA. This review focuses on the role of imaging in the management of PsA patients with dactylitis in clinical practice and in a research setting. Furthermore, imaging could be a valuable tool to assist in unravelling some of the underlying mechanisms of the onset and chronicization of dactylitis in PsA patients.