Hydrothermal System of Thermal Energy, Physical Processes, Efficiency
О. В. Зур’ян, В. Г. Олійніченко
Abstract
Theoretical analysis of construction technologies and features of use of natural accumulators of thermal energy in the near-surface layers of the Earth, both in soil and in aquifers is given. The general economic analysis of investment attractiveness of introduction of the heat pump systems using as a primary source low-potential renewable energy of near-surface layers of the Earth is executed. A comparative analysis of the efficiency of using a geothermal heat collector consisting of vertical ground heat exchangers and a hydrothermal heat collector consisting of two wells: the first for water intake, which plays the role of a heat carrier for the heat pump system; the second - to return the waste water to the aquifer. The current model of the hydrothermal experimental heat pump system developed and constructed in IVE of NASU is presented. The method of conducting research is described. The characteristics of the measuring equipment installed on the model of the experimental installation and the software used for archiving and visualization of the data received in the course of carrying out of researches are resulted. The results of scientific work obtained in the course of theoretical calculations and experimental studies of the efficiency of heat pump systems, depending on the system of primary thermal energy selection, are presented. The dependences of the heat pump transformation coefficient on the type of thermal energy collector are given. The dependences of the heat pump system efficiency on the parameters of the primary source of low — potential heat and design features of the heat supply system are substantiated. It is concluded that the open-type hydrothermal heat pump system is more efficient than the geothermal one and further studies of the possibility and efficiency of using the aquifer as a natural heat accumulator to stabilize the generation of thermal energy from renewable energy sources in different seasons.