The Brief Version of the “Connectedness to Nature Scale”: Factorial Structure and Invariance Study Across Seven European Cities
Óscar Navarro, Jean‐Michel Galharret, Pablo Olivos, Ana Loureiro, Inga Wittenberg, Colin Lemèe, Ghozlane Fleury‐Bahi
Abstract
The positive outcomes for human health from the development of a strong human–nature relationship are increasingly well established, and the role of a connection with nature in this process has been studied from different perspectives. The study intends to validate the brief version of the Connectedness to Nature Scale (CNS) through psychometric validation criteria. The scale was completed by a total of 1343 individuals in seven countries, and data analysis was performed using R for confirmatory factor analyses and for measurement invariances. The short version of the CNS shows a good level of reliability and is, therefore, usable and suitable for cross-cultural research in the domain of human–nature relationship topics. The mixed invariance results suggest that it is sensitive to linguistic and cultural contexts.